Tehsildar Kya Hota Hai: Powers, Salary, and How to Become One
In every rural Indian district, the Tehsildar is the most powerful government official most people will ever actually meet in person. Above the Lekhpal, above the Kanungo, above the Naib Tehsildar — the Tehsildar heads an entire tehsil (sub-district) and has the authority to issue revenue certificates, adjudicate land disputes, conduct raids, and sign documents that carry the weight of the district administration. This post is why so many students, years after joining as Lekhpal, spend their evenings studying for UPPCS.
Quick answer: a Tehsildar is a gazetted Group B state government officer who heads a tehsil — the administrative unit below a district. In UP, there are typically 6–12 tehsils per district. A Tehsildar in UP earns a starting basic pay of approximately ₹44,900 (Level 7), and is appointed either through the UP Provincial Civil Service (PCS) exam conducted by UPPSC or through departmental promotion from Naib Tehsildar.
Quick Facts — Tehsildar Post:
- Level: First gazetted officer in the revenue hierarchy
- Jurisdiction: One tehsil (sub-district), 100–400 villages
- UP basic pay: ~₹44,900/month (Level 7, 7th Pay Commission equivalent)
- Appointed by: UPPCS exam (UPPSC) for direct entry, or promotion from Naib Tehsildar
- Reports to: Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM) and District Magistrate (DM)
- Key power: Issues revenue certificates, adjudicates land disputes, exercises executive magistracy
What Does a Tehsildar Do? Full Duties Breakdown
The Tehsildar's work spans revenue administration, executive magistracy, and welfare implementation — far broader than the Lekhpal or Kanungo below them:
| Function | Details |
|---|---|
| Revenue Administration | Final authority for land record mutations, revenue recovery, and revenue court cases at tehsil level |
| Certificate Authority | Signs income, caste, domicile, OBC/SC/ST certificates — the Tehsildar's signature is legally valid on these documents |
| Revenue Court | Adjudicates land disputes, boundary cases, inheritance disputes — acts as a quasi-judicial authority under the Revenue Code |
| Executive Magistracy | Can issue orders under Section 144 CrPC, conduct raids, address public order issues in the tehsil |
| Disaster Relief | First administrative response to floods, droughts, crop loss — coordinates compensation payments to farmers at tehsil level |
| Election Duties | Acts as assistant returning officer or returning officer for local/state/national elections — one of the most critical government roles during election season |
| Supervision | Supervises all Kanungos, Lekhpals, Naib Tehsildars and revenue staff in the tehsil |
Tehsildar Salary: Complete Breakdown
A UP Tehsildar's pay is significantly higher than Lekhpal or Kanungo — both in absolute terms and in the benefits that come with gazetted status:
| Component | Amount (Approx) |
|---|---|
| Basic Pay | ₹44,900 (Level 7) |
| Dearness Allowance (~50%) | ₹22,450 |
| House Rent Allowance (16–24%) | ₹7,184–₹10,776 |
| Travel Allowance | ₹3,600–₹7,200 |
| Gross Salary | ~₹78,000–₹85,000 |
| NPS Deduction | –₹4,490 |
| Estimated In-Hand | ₹68,000–₹78,000 |
Beyond salary, a Tehsildar receives a government vehicle for official tours, a government residence (in most district headquarters), and substantial administrative authority that comes with the post. The total compensation package — including perks, medical, and pension — makes Tehsildar one of the most sought-after state government positions in UP, Rajasthan, and MP.
Revenue Hierarchy: Where Does Tehsildar Fit?
| Post | Level | Basic Pay | Gazetted? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lekhpal | Level 3 | ₹21,700 | No |
| Kanungo | Level 4 | ₹25,500 | No |
| Naib Tehsildar | Level 5–6 | ₹29,200–₹35,400 | Mostly No |
| Tehsildar ★ | Level 7 | ₹44,900 | Yes |
| Deputy Collector / SDM | Level 8–9 | ₹47,600–₹56,100 | Yes |
| Additional Collector | Level 10+ | ₹56,100+ | Yes |